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Uke est en position
naturelle gauche, pied gauche avancé. Tori le déséquilibre par une
traction de sa main gauche, en même temps qu'il se décale du pied
droit, en avant du pied gauche de Uke, de façon a créer un "trou"
devant celui-ci. Il vient poser la plante de son pied gauche sur
le bord externe de la jambe droite de Uke, a hauteur du genou, le
bloquant de telle sorte que Uke ne peut plus avancer pour
reprendre son équilibre compromis. Tori efface son corps sur le
côté et tire Uke par une combinaison de l'action de ses mains,
comme pour tourner un volant. Uke tombe droit devant lui en
décrivant un cercle. |
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Hiza Guruma
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From the usual squared-off starting position,
tori (the
attacker) is gripping uke's
(tori's
partner) left lapel with his right hand and
uke's right sleeve with his
left hand. He/she takes a huge step (2 feet minimum) with his right
foot and rotates his shoulders 180 degrees to the left so that he is
standing beside uke,
facing in the same direction.
Tori's
right foot is now beside
uke's left foot. This step/hop should be sudden and decisive,
tori
maintaining good upright posture throughout.
The kuzushi (unbalancing-pull) which is initiated by both of
tori's
hands and the rotation of
tori's shoulders should be
simultaneous with this first step, causing
uke
to sprawl forwards.
Tori
should visualize a large
circle being described by the throw with him at the center and
uke
moving around the circumference.
The direction of the hand movement is crucial. As well as
tori's hands pulling in a
circular direction to the left, the hands are also pulling
uke up on to his toes. This
pull is upwards at perhaps 45 degrees which has the effect of
lessening uke's
frictional contact with the tatami (mat), thus making him/her easier
to throw.
Some players, when attacking with a left Hiza guruma prefer to switch
to a left grip, but personally I am comfortable performing the
technique on both sides from the right grip. An added benefit from
using the right grip for a left attack is that
tori
can gain additional kuzushi by
lifting up on uke's elbow during the initial rotation. But on the
other hand, there is risk to
tori
when attacking left since uke's left arm is free and can be used to
grab tori's outstretched leg, lift it and counter-attack with a right
side O-uchi-gari.
The risk of this counter-attack being successful is elevated if
tori's
body is too close to uke,
thus making it easy for him to grab the leg. This means that tori has
not stepped far enough away from
uke.
The test for correct distance is the attacking leg. If
tori's
attacking leg is bent when his foot is on
uke's
knee, then tori
is too close. Optimal distance is
when tori's outstretched leg is straight when the foot is on
uke's
knee.
Tori
has launched his kuzushi. Typically,
uke
will want to take a step forwards with the right foot in order to
regain his balance. But tori blocks the foot and leg movement by
placing the sole of his left foot just above
uke's
right knee. Throughout this early
phase of the throw, tori
should be leaning slightly
back to the left in the direction of the kuzushi and turning his head
and shoulders, aiming for a 180 degree turn, in the direction of the
throw.
If uke's leg is successfully blocked at the knee by
tori's foot, and if
tori
has successfully applied the kuzushi so that uke
is seriously off balance to the front,
uke
should 'pop-over' in a tight,
almost horizontal spinning motion onto his back.
A common failing in this throw is for
tori
to place the left foot below uke's
knee which provides the opportunity for a skillful
uke
to bend the knee and step over
tori's
foot. This enables uke to recover his balance, avoid the throw and be
in a good position to launch a counter attack since
tori may be
off balance at that point.
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